Distribution

Producing a Video Series: PreProduction - Build Your Shots

Avoid Common Mistakes in Your Video
Try not to fall into the “look at me” attitude held by many editors. While that is what your audiences will be doing, it’s not what you want your viewers to be thinking. You want to guide their thinking and sell your story and your idea.

Instead, focus on your viewer. We just discussed details about this in the previous article in this series, but it’s worth repeating. Keep thinking what you can do for your client, not what they can do for you.

Don’t fall in love with your video. Whether you do your video yourself or you hire a video production company, don’t fall in love with your video so much that you get lost. It becomes very easy to focus on the trees and forget to look at the forest. It’s an overused phrase, but for good reason.

This is why feature films have initial screenings for select people. Directors will show their films to other directors, producers and editors for their input. After all they’ve been working on this project for months (sometimes years) and have become so involved that they sometimes have a hard time looking at their own film objectively.

So do what they do and invite honest criticism from close friends that you trust. You don’t want comments like, “Oh, looks great! I like it.” You should be looking for things like, “Ok, I like the tempo of the video, but this one shot tends to contrast too much with the others. Also, the spectator’s reaction is great in this shot, but you have a ketchup stain on your tie.” Look for honesty and specifics.

With these general tips out of the way, let me get this off my chest:

The 10 most common mistakes novice editors and filmmakers make with their cuts:

1. Bad Audio – If I can’t hear you, you just wasted the audience’s time. After all, would YOU watch a movie if you couldn’t hear it?
2. Out of Focus – Believe it or not, I have seen way too many videos with shots that are out of focus or go in and out of focus due to ‘autofocus’.
3. Too Slow or Too Much Dead Time – Anything that doesn’t add to your story takes away from your story. ‘Nuff said.
4. The Shaky Cam – Ok, if your audience feels motion sickness watching your video, you’ve got a problem. Some new films like the shaky cam look, but really, use a tripod. Trust me.
5. Performer/Talent is Too Small – I hate it when I watch a video of a stage and I think that I see a tiny little performer. Wide shots are great. They help establish location and setting. But you’ve got to cut to a tighter shot right after the wide shot.
6. Too Many Crazy Edits – I know we are in the age of fast edits, but if you cut too fast, I can’t even tell what you’re doing. This is actually a problem many magicians have while on stage – rushing their tricks. But that is a different book
altogether!
7. No Target Audience – The video is too general. Each video should be designed to hit a specific target audience. I don’t want to see college show material on the same tape as a trade show gig. You lose credibility.
8. Poor Lighting – This will be discussed in great detail later in the series, but, like number 2, if I can’t see your video, how can I like your video?
9. Bad continuity - Make sure you have a unified story and theme and stick with it. Don’t jump around and show everything just because you can. Confusion is your worst enemy. After all, you know what you want to say, but your audience doesn’t know what you are thinking unless you edit the video just right.
10. They didn’t hire me! Okay, not what you were looking for, but I’m only half joking. At least check out my website, ReelsInMotion.com for details and tips on producing a video. And my shameless plug: I not only produce promotional videos and specialize in visual effects and video magic, but also critique existing videos you may have.

Your Storyboard

A storyboard is a graphical representation of what you plan to shoot, all drawn out on paper. It usually looks similar to a comic strip. In fact, each frame in your storyboard will represent a different shot.

There are several reasons for drawing out a storyboard this early in the process. It helps you visualize your video early on
Allows you to see how certain shots will relate to each other You’ll be able to anticipate mistakes before they happen
During the actual shoot, this visual guide will help dramatically If you are hiring a crew (professional or friends), it helps you convey your ideas

You don’t need to hire a professional artist to draw up your storyboard. You can do it yourself.

How to storyboard your video

First, get a blank piece of paper, turn it sideways (lengthwise) and make several squares in two rows. Leave some room between the rows. Everything you want to include in your video will be drawn out in this storyboard.

Million Dollar Tip: Go over to your DVD collection and pop in any movie. Go to the “Behind the Scenes” section and see if they have a storyboarding alternate angle. I know the following have this feature: Matrix Reloaded (2003), Matrix Revolutions (2001), Unbreakable (2000).

Watch and see how they show the storyboard and how it compares to the actual movie. By switching back and forth, you can get an idea of how to use the storyboard to help create your video.

You do NOT need to have perfect drawings either. You can draw stick figures. It really doesn’t matter how good the drawings are. The main point is that you want to show all the different shots. Show a wide show. Show a closeup. Show an audience reaction Just as long as you can tell what they are. Use the extra space under each drawing
to describe the action in more detail.

Now, while you still have those DVDs out, get ready to receive a multi-million dollar lesson in film, moviemaking, storytelling and graphic design, all at once.

Get a million dollar education in video for $3.99

Put in your favorite DVD. Go to the special features. Now pull up the theatrical trailer for the movie. The TV trailers are good too, but only last for 30 seconds most of the time. You want the theatrical trailers (the previews they show before another movie) since they will be closer in length to your promo video.

Hollywood production companies will spend fortunes just on this one part of the film. Think about it. The theatrical trailer is the film equivalent of an entertainer’s promotional video. It takes a longer show (usually a 90 minute show) and shows you the most interesting parts in a quick “promo video” for the movie.

And it does it in just such a way that makes you want to go out and see their “show.”

Please don’t take this to mean just go out and copy what they did in the latest action flick. You’ll learn more by watching how they used lighting, camera angles, music and even colors to create a “mood.”

For example, low camera angles make the subject look powerful. Higher angles make the subject look weaker. Orson Wells used both of these examples wonderfully in Citizen Kane (1941). I would highly recommend watching this classic. Even today it is still a great film.

Go through your video and performance in your mind and think like you are making a movie. How would you, as a director, film each portion of your act to make it as dramatic (or comedic) as possible?

Also, watch how the camera moves. You’ll notice in almost every movie you watch there is one something missing. The zoom. The guys in Hollywood will not use a zoom. In fact, film cameras have a fixed lens – they cannot zoom in. Instead they use what’s called a “dolly shot.” The entire camera is on a miniature train track and the entire unit is rolled towards or away from an actor.

By using this technique of moving the actual camera instead of just zooming in, you can create a more dynamic shot. There is more action and the viewer feels like they are moving towards the subject. You can tell the difference by watching the background image. Does it just “get bigger?” This is a zoom. Does the background move as the
subject grows? This is a dolly shot.

So get a feel for how the camera can be used. This will give you many ideas that can be directly applied to your video.

As you do this, brainstorm and make a list. Don’t limit yourself. Even if you get a crazy idea like doing a “bullet time” effect (that freeze frame three dimensional effect used in all the Matrix films), write it down. Try not to get in the habit of limiting yourself.

© 2008 Reels in Motion Visual Effects News.